California eFoodHandlers Practice Exam

Which of the following is a sign of food spoilage?

1. Bright colors

2. Off odors or discoloration

3. Firm texture

4. Crisp freshness

The correct answer is: Off odors or discoloration

Off odors or discoloration are clear indicators of food spoilage because they suggest that the food has undergone chemical changes due to the growth of bacteria, mold, or yeast. When food spoils, it can produce unpleasant smells as microorganisms metabolize the food’s components. Additionally, discoloration can occur when the surface of the food is broken down or when certain pigments change due to oxidation or microbial action. In contrast, bright colors typically indicate freshness in fruits and vegetables, while firm texture and crisp freshness are characteristics of quality and well-preserved food. Therefore, options that reflect good quality and freshness would not suggest spoilage. Understanding these signs helps in identifying food that is no longer safe to consume, which is crucial for maintaining food safety and preventing foodborne illness.